Introduction to MongoDB

What is MongoDB?

MongoDB is a document-oriented database that stores data in JSON-like documents, making it flexible and scalable.

Document-oriented Database

Documents in MongoDB represent real-world entities and can have arbitrary structure, unlike relational databases with predefined columns.

MongoDB Features

• Schemaless design allows for dynamic data structures.
• Fast and scalable performance due to its distributed architecture.
• Rich query language supports complex data retrieval and filtering.
• High availability with replication and sharding options.

Use Cases for MongoDB

• IoT applications with frequent data ingestion and retrieval.
• User analytics and personalization in web and mobile apps.
• Content management systems that store unstructured data.
• Real-time data analysis and visualization.

Basic Python Example

import pymongo

# Connect to the database
client = pymongo.MongoClient("mongodb://localhost:27017")

# Get the database
db = client.test_database

# Create a collection
collection = db.test_collection

# Insert a document
collection.insert_one({"name": "John", "age": 30})

# Find a document
document = collection.find_one({"name": "John"})

# Print the document
print(document)

Architecture and Benefits of MongoDB

MongoDB has a distributed architecture with primary and secondary servers. Data is replicated across servers for high availability and fault tolerance.

Its document-oriented nature allows for fast and efficient retrieval of complex data. The schemaless design provides flexibility to adapt to changing data requirements.

Why Use MongoDB?

• Scalability and high performance
• Flexibility and dynamic data structures
• Rich query language and indexing capabilities
• High availability and data redundancy